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FREICH. UNIVERSAL EXPOSITIOI EOR 1867. 

TO OPEN APRIL 1, 1867; CLOSE OCTOBER 31, 18G7. 




OFFICIAL CORRESPONDENCE ON TIE SUBJECT. 



PUnLISHED BY 



THE DEPAETMENT OF STATE, 



FOR THE 



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INFORMATION OF CITIZENS OF THE UNITED STATES, 



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GENERAL REGULATIONS, CLASSIFICATION OF ARTICLES, &c. 



WASHINGTON: 

GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE, 
1865. 





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FREICH TJIIVERSAL EXPOSITIOI FOR 1867. 

TO OPEI APRIL ], 1867; CLOSE OCTOBEK, 31, 18C7. 



OFFICIAL CORRESPONDENCE ON THE SUBJECT, 



PUBLISHED BY 



THE departme:n^t of state, 



FOR THE 



INFORMATION OF CITIZENS OF THE UNITED STATES, 



CONTAINING 



GENERAL REGULATIONS, CLASSIFICATION OF ARTICLES, &c. 



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WASHINGTON: 

GOVERNMENT PRINTING O F F I C 15 , 
1865. 



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PROVISIONAL REPRESENTATIVES OF THE UNITED STATES. 



JOHN BIGjELOW, Esq., 

(THE UNITED STATES MINISTEE AT PAEIS,) 
SPECIAL AGENT OF THE UNITED STATES FOE THE EXPOSITION. 



N. M. BEOKWITH, Esq., 

SPECIAL COMMISSIONEE, 
(CAEE UNITED STATES LEGATION, PAEIS, FEANCE.) 



Monsieur J. F. LOUBAT, of Paris, 

HONOEAEY COMMISSIONEE. 



All communications on the subject of the exhibition should be addressed to Mr. Beckwith. 

N. B. Attention is called to the statement on page 6, that "All applications for admission, 
with a description of the articles to be exhibited, must be presented before the 31st of October, 
1865." This should be done by letter to Mr. Beckwith, according to the directions above 
given, so that all such letters may reach him before that time. 



No. 151. 
ME. BIGELOW TO ME. SEWAED. 

[With six enclosures,] 

Legatiom of the Umted States, Paris, August 2, 1865. 

Sir : At a recent interview with M. Le Play, tlie Commissioner General of tlie Universal Exposition of 
1867, he informed me that the Imperial Commissioners had finally fixed upon the Champs de Mars for the 
site of the Exposition, and had proposed to reserve for the United States 3,346 square metres of space within 
the edifice, with the privilege, if we required it, of some 1,600 metres lying adjacent and not yet appropri- 
ated. The map which accompanies this despatch, and mai-ked Enclosure No. 1, will show the manner in 
which this space is distributed, and the proportion which the aggregate bears to the allotments made to the 
other powers. 

M. Le Play wished to know what assurance I could give that we would occupy so much space. I 
replied that, unfortunately, this subject was not brought to the attention of my government vmtil after the 
adjournment of Congress, which does not meet again until December next ; that the amount of space we 
should require would depend very much on the liberality of its appropriations, the execiitive government 
having no funds or credits available for such a purpose. I also read to him from your despatch, in which I 
was designated as "Special Agent," the expressions of the interest which our government took in the Expo- 
sition; directed his attention to the important changes in our domestic affairs since that despatch was written^ 
all calculated to favor our participation in the Exposition ; and I concluded by expressing my personal convic- 
tion that the United States would make good use of all the space that had been allotted to it, and that no 
effort would be wanting, on my part, to secure such a representation as would be creditable to my country. 

Further than this, I told him, I could not go, for though I believed that any recommendation which the 
President might make upon this subject to Congress would receive its approval, I could give him no stronger 
assurance of it than my personal conviction. I urged the Commissioner General, at the same time, to let me 
have the detailed plans of the Imperial Commissioners at as early a moment as possible to submit to my 
government, that no time should be lost, on the one hand, in preparing a programme for the action of Con- 
gress, and, on the other, in taking steps to ascertain the disposition and requirements of exhibitors. 

About two Aveeks after this interview I received from M. Le Play two communications. Of the first. Enclo- 
sure No. 2 is a copy, and Enclosure No. 3 is a translation; and of the second. Enclosure No. 4 is a duplicate, 
and Enclosure No. 5 is a translation. By Enclosures Nos. 2 and 3 it will be observed that the Imperial 
Commission has felt constrained, in consequence of my inability to give the Commissioner General more 
definite assurances, to reduce our allowance of .space room from 3,346 to 2,788 square metres. 

I have as yet made no reply to this communication, for I have none to make. Though the Commission 
has left us about nine times the space that we occupied in 1855, still I regret the reduction, so firmly per 
suaded am I, should the opportunity be fairly presented to our people, that the proportions which this Expo- 
sition is destined to take in the eyes of the world within the next twelve months will render it much more 
difiicult to limit our contributions to the larger space than to fill it creditably. 

Enclosures Nos. 4 and 5 embrace the general regulations and the system of classification adopted by the 
Commission. For the translation of the classification I am indebted to Mr. Beckwith, who has consented to 
act in the capacity of a special commissioner, under a power derived through me, as the special agent of 
the United States. In a note which accompanied this translation, Mr. Beckwith says: "If the government 
would publish the classifications in the newspapers, they would thus probably reach every individual in the 
United States interested in the subject. The classifications, like a carefully written chapter of contents, 
comprise more information as to the scope, limits, character, and objects of the Exposition, than could be 
given in any other form in an equal space. They suggest, of themselves, much of the information most 



useful and most desired by the public at this stage of the enterprise, which renders it important that they 
should be published and distributed without delay." 

I concur entirely in this recommendation, for reasons to which I shall refer more at length presently. 
If our people are to participate in this Exposition, no time should be lost in supplying them with the means 
of knowing how they may do so to the best advantage, and for that purpose they must study the regulations 
and systems of classification patiently and thoroughly. They may do that profitably, whether they finally 
exhibit or not, for they will there find probably the most complete classification of the products of human 
industry and art anywhere to be found in print. 

There are some features of the regulations to which it is proper that I should invite" your attention at 
once. I may have occasion to trouble you about some of the others at a later day. 

The Exposition is to open on the 1st of April, 1867, and to close on the 31st of October of the same 
year. The foreign commissioners are to be notified of the space allotted to their respective nationalities 
before the 15th of August instant, after which I am given to understand that it will be impossible to make 
any material changes in that regard. All applications for admission, with a description of the articles to be 
exhibited, must be presented befoi'e the 31st of October, 1865, prior to which time also a plan or chart of the 
uses to which the space will be put by each nationality respectively must be made by the foreign commis- 
sioners, on a scale of 0.™002 per metre, and sent to the Imperial Commissioners. 

Detailed plan of articles, and their distribution in the space assigned them, must be furnished on the 
same scale by the foreign commissioners, as well as materials for the official Catalogue, before the 31 st of 
January, 1866. 

It thus appears that within the next six months, and before any action is likely to be taken by Con- 
gress, the Imperial Commission must know not only precisely what articles will be offered for exhibition, 
but they must have an accurate plan of their distribution. How far these regulations may be relaxed, and 
the time extended, will depend upon circumstances ; but, from the nature of the case, it is impossible that 
they should be relaxed so as materially to relieve American exhibitors, for the reason that the plan of the 
exhibition requires a peculiar disposition of the articles, from Avhich any serious departure is impracticable. 
This plan is explained in a communication from Mr. Beckwith, of which Enclosure No. 6 is a copy, and to 
all of which I invite your attention. 

It may, therefore, be assumed that to wait for the action of Congress before organizing the American 
department of the Exposition of 1867, is equivalent to an abandonment of all profitable participation in it 
All the plans must be laid, and the chief expenses incurred, if not made, before Congress can be heard from. 
Should our country people, however, attach to the privilege of sharing in the Exposition anything like 
the value which is attached to it by the people of Europe, it ought not to be difficult to find capitalists will- 
ing to anticipate the action of Congress by requisite advances of means whenever the government shall 
submit to them a plan or line of policy which it is prepared cordially to recommend to Congress and the 
public. 

I trust that in the documents which I have already transmitted, with those which accompany this com- 
munication, the government will find all the information it will require to fix, without delay, upon the policy 
it ought to pursue. 

Before closing this communication, there are one or two other features of the regulations to which it is 
my duty to invite your attention. 

By article 5th it is provided that all communication bet.ween foreign exhibitors and the Imperial Com- 
mission shall take place through the commissioners of the respective countries, and in no case will they hold 
direct communication with the exhibitors. For this purpose foreign commissioners, if there are many, are 
invited by ariicle 6 to appoint a delegate, as soon as possible, to represent them near the Imperial Commission. 
These provisions are designed to meet the inconveniences which have heretofore resulted from a multiplicity 
of commissioners, who were often exhibitors, and to concentrate the practical cares of managing the exhibi- 
tion in the hands of persons specially selected for the duty, and who, by a careful study of its plan and 
familiarity with every stage of its growth, are best qualified to promote its success. These regulations also 
tend greatly to simplify the organization through which our government will have to operate. With an 
appropriation sufficient to pay such portion of the expenses of transportation as it may conclude to assume, 
and other allied expenses, (I would recommend that it assume the charge of all articles at tide-water in the 
United States until they are returned, those sold during the trip to pay their own charges,) and with two 
commissioners, one to reside in Paris and the other in New York, properly qualified for their duties, the official 
or governmental organization would be, for the present, and for the next eighteen months at least, complete. 



This subject is more fully developed by Mr. Beck with in Enclosure No. 6, to which , for the present, I content 
myself with inviting your attention, as presenting what seems to me the simplest, the most economical, the most 
harmonious plan of operation that I can imagine, and one open to fewest objections, and most certain to work 
successfully. I think it would be wise to take measures to avoid, as for as possible, any representation by States 
at this Exposition, for the Imperial Commission never know what relative value to attach to such commissioners, 
and the result of such a representation here would be, as it has always been before, that the whole national 
character of our part of the Exposition would be saci'ificed to the interests of a few sharp-witted speculators 
who might chance to know best how to turn the inevitable confusion and disorder that would result, to their 
own account. 

When the Exposition is ready to open, it will be proper for the United States to be represented by a 
very different and more numerous body of men, who, by their knowledge and accomplishments, are qualified 
to describe in popular language the novelties with which the Exposition may abound. It is from the labors 
of such men as these that the country ought to derive its chief advantages from such an Exposition, but such 
men are not apt to be qualified nor to have the leisure or taste for any of the labor which precedes the open- 
ing or which follows the closing of the exhibition. 

In France it is provided that the Imperial Commission shall organize in each department what it terms 
departmental committees, whose duties, among others, it will be to create a commission of savans, agricultu- 
rists, manufacturers, master workmen, and other specialists, who should make a special study of the Exposi- 
tion, and prepare and publish a report on the various applications which may be made in their department 
of the information they may gather. To meet at least a portion of the expense of this work, private 
subscriptions are authorized to be opened in the several departments. 

Something similar should be done by our people and government ; and in the selection of candidates for 
such work, no pains should be spared to select the most capable from among the class of men who have 
enough of our own skill and resources to determine what is new and worthy of transplantation to the United 
States. This work will be done for the nations of Europe by their ablest men, for thus only are the import- 
ant lessons of the Exposition to be perpetuated and diffused. I hope we shall not disregard their example. 
In making choice of men for this labor our academies of art and design, our agricultural societies, our me- 
chanics' institutes, and other literary and scientific societies might possibly be consulted to advantage. 

With no other apology for these somewhat perfunctory suggestions than my desire that our country 
may not only appear to advantage at the Exposition of 1867, but that its artists and artisans may profit by 
the unexampled opportunity for instruction which it will present, I remain, sir, with great respect, 

Your very obedient servant, 

JOHN BIGELOW. 

Hon. William H. Seward, 

Secretary of State. 



fEnclosure No. 3 — Translation of Euclosure No. 2.] 

Imperial Commission, Paris, Palack of Indtstry, 

Door No. 1, Juhj 22, 1865. 

Mr. Minister : I have the honor to send you enclosed two copies of the general regulations of the 
Universal Exposition of 1867, adopted by the Imperial Commission, and which his Majesty the Emperor has 
just approved by a decree dated the 12th instant. 

I am happy to be thus enabled to place before you these definite dispositions, which will give in future 
a fixed and assured basis for the measures which you may think useful to take in view of preparing for the 
participation of the United States in this great assembly. 

1 also enclose a copy of the preliminary plan, prepared by order of the Imperial Commission, of the palace 
destined for the Exposition. 

In the provisional partition indicated in the plan which I have the honor to transmit to you, the Imperial 
Commission has desired less to consider the distance which separates the United States from Europe than to 
keep in view the industrial and commercial power of that great country. They have, therefore, given to it a 
space of important extent, greatly superior to that whichhad been reserved for it in previous Universal Ex- 
positions. 



8 

In 1855 the surface set aside for its products was 1,097 square metres,* of wliicli scarcely 300 were 
occupied, in consequence of a lack of co-operation between tlie different States of tbe Confederation. In 1862, 
upon an allotment of 843 square metres, only about a hundred were used. 

For the Universal Exposition of 1867, the Imperial Commission had proposed to reserve for the United 
States a space of 3,346 square metres. 

The verbal information which you have been good enough to give me, Mr. Minister, has caused me to 
recognize that it was no longer possible for your government to make known in time whether it considered 
itself in position to occupy with its products the whole of this space. Placed in this uncertainty, the Imperial 
Commission has thought proper to restrict the section assigned to the United States to a surface of 2,788 
square metres, of which 2,605 are situated in the interior galleries, and 183 in the central vestibule and the 
covered promenade. I hasten to inform you of this decision, and I seize this occasion to invite your attention 
anew to the importance of expediting the necessary decisions for the purpose of assuring the entire occupation 
of this space. You understand, Mr. Minister, how regrettable it would be if a part of it should not be utilized. 
When once the period of the final allotment is passed, it will then be no longer possible to assign a por- 
tion of it to one of the powers which solicit an increase of space. 

Eeceive, Mr. Minister, the new assurance of my high consideration, 

F. LE PLAY, 
Counsellor of State, Commissioner General. 
* A metre is 39 iVcr inches. 



[Document A-l 
Table recapitulating tlic dates assigned to the divers operations of tlie Exposition. 

Dates assigned. Nature of tlie operations. 

Before August 15, 1865 Appointing committees of admission for the French section, and notifying 

the foreign conjmissions of the space granted for the productions of their 
countrymen. 

Before August 25, 1865 Constituting departmental committees, inviting French exhibitors, and noti- 
fying them of the space allotted in the French section to each class of 
products named in the system of classification. (Document B.) 

Before October 31, 1865 Sending applications for admission and claims concerning admission of 

French exhibitors to the Imperial Commission. (Document 0. 

Before October 31, 1865 Preparing and sending to the Imperial Commission, by the foreign commis- 
sioners, the plan of organization of their countrymen, drawn on a scale 
of 0.002 to the metre. 

Before December 31, 1865 Preparing detailed plans of arrangements on a scale of 0'^.020 to the metre 

for the French section ; notifying French exhibitors of their admis- 
sion. 

Before January 31, 1865 Preparing and sending by the foreign commissions the detailed plan of 

arrangements of their countrymen, on a scale of 0'".020 to the metre, and 
of information intended for the official catalogue. 

Before December 1, 1866 Finishing the palace and the buildings in the park. 

Before January 1, 1867 Notifying French artists of their admission. 

Before January 15, 1867 Finishing the special arrangements for exhibitors in the palace and in the 

park. 

Before March 6, 1867 Admission of foreign products at the seaports and frontier towns indicated 

in article 44 of the general regulations, with permission for them to be 
forwarded to the Exposition, which shall be used as an actual custom- 
house depot. 

From Jan. 15 to Mar. 10, 1867. .Receiving and unpacking goods in the Exposition. 

From Mar. 11 to Mar. 28, 1867. .Arranging the goods unpacked in the spaces ascribed for them. 

March 29 and 30, 1867 General cleaning of all parts of the palace and park. 

March 31, 1867 Inspection of the whole Exposition. 

April 1, 1867 Opening of the Exposition. 

October 31, 1867 ..Closing of the Exposition. 

Nov. 1 to Nov. 30, 1867 Removal of goods and of fixtures. 



[Enclosure No. 5 to dispatch No. 1.51.] 

UNIVERSAL EXPOSITION OF 1867, IN PARIS.— IMPEEIAL COMMISSION.— GENERAL REGULATIONS, JULY 

7, 1865. 

To which are added : 

1st. A table recapitulating the dates assigned to the divers operations of the Exposition. 
2d. TJie system of classification of the products exposed. 

3d. The form of the application for admission Avhich shall be filled by every French producer intend- 
ing to exhibit. 



[Enclosure No. 6.] 



UNIVERSAL EXPOSITION OF 1867, IN PARIS— IMPERIAL COMMISSION.— GENERAL REGULATIONS, EN- 
ACTED JULY 7, 1865.— APPROVED BY AN IMPERIAL DECREE, JULY 12, 1865. 

FiKST Section. 
General dispositions and system of classification. 

Article 1. The Universal Exposition held in Paris in the year 1867 shall receive works of art, and the 
products of the industry and agriculture of all nations. 

It shall be held in a temporary building erected in the Champs de Mars. Around the Exposition build- 
ing, shall be a park, intended to receive live animals and plants, and also such buildings and objects as could 
not be placed in the main building. 

The Exposition shall be opened on the 1st day of April, 1867, and shall close on the 31st day of Octo- 
ber of the same year. 

Art. 2. The Universal Exposition of 1867 is placed under the direction of the Imperial Commission, 
appointed by a decree dated February 1, 1865. 

The general commission named in the same decree is appointed to carry out the measures adopted by the 
Imperial Commission. 

Art. 3. The Imperial Commission shall, prior to August 25, 1865,* organize in every department of the 
French empire a departmental committee, whose duty it shall be : 

1st. To spread throughout the department the knowledge of the dispositions adopted concerning the Ex- 
position, and to distribute blank forms of applications for space, as, also, all the other documents published 
by the Imperial Commission. 

2d. To point out, prior to October 31st, 1865, the leading artists, agriculturists, and manufacturers, whose 
participation in the Universal Exposition would particularly enhance the success of that undertaking. 

3d. To promote, as it is said in Art. 29, the exhibiting of the agricultural productions of the department. 

4th. To organize a commission of savans, farmers, manufacturers, foremen, and other competent persons, 
to study particularly the results of the Universal Exposition, and to publish a report on the applications which 
could be made in the department of the teachings derived from it. 

5th, To prepare the way for collecting, by means of subscriptions, donations, or otherwise, a fund destined 
to furnish to foremen, agriculturists, and working men of the department the means of visiting and studying 
the Universal Exposition, as also to cover the expenses of publishing the above-mentioned report of the com- 
mission. 

Art. 4. The Imperial Commission shall consult with the ministers of war and of marine to insure the 
participation of Algeria and the French colonies in the Universal Exposition, 

Art. 5. The commissions appointed by the divers foreign governments to organize the participation of 
the natives of those countries in the Universal Exposition shall correspond directly with the Imperial Com- 
mission concerning the exhibition of Avorks of art and other productions of their country. Hence the Imperial 
commission shall hold no direct intercourse with foreign exhibitors. 

No product presented by a foreigner can be admitted into the Exposition, but through the intervention of 
• the foreign commission, to which the exhibitor is subject as such. 

The foreign commissioners shall moreover organize the transportation, I'eception, arrangement, and re-ex- 

* For the order of the dates herein mentioned, see the table A, accompanying the present regulations, 
2 



10 

portation of the goods of tlieii' countrymen as tbey may tliink best, conforming, however, to the measures of 
order prescribed by the Imperial Commission. 

Art. 6. Foreign commissioners are invited to enter as soon as possible into relations with the Imperial 
Commission, and to appoint a representative to it. This representative shall be instructed to settle such ques- 
tions as interest foreign exhibitors, namely, such as relate to the division of the total space among the divers 
nations, and the mode of arrangement of each national section, in the palace of the Exposition, and in the 
park. 

Art. 7. In order to facilitate the subdivision of the space allotted to each country between the various 
classes of products indicated in Article 11, the Imperial Commission will distribute to the delegates, for their 
information, the plan of organization adopted for the French section of the palace of the Exposition, drawn 
on a scale of 0™.002 to the metre. Tliis plan shows the disposition of the show-cases or tables intended for 
each class of products, as also the form, height, and other dimensions of the halls devoted to each class. 

A similar plan, showing the subdivisions of the part of the palace of the Exposition assigned to each 
nation, shall be handed to the Imperial Commission by each foreign commission, prior to October 31, 1865. 

Detailed plans, on the scale of 0™.020 to the metre, showing the place assigned to each exhibitor and 
each individual mode of exhibiting, together with alist of the exhibitors, shall also be transmitted by each 
foreign commission prior to January 31, 186n, in order that the Imperial Commission may regulate the inte- 
rior partitions of the building in accordance with the requirements of each nation. 

Art. 8. Each nation can claim, as its special park, that part of the Champs de Mars adjoining the space 
allotted to it in the palace of the Exposition. 

The delegates of all foreign commissions shall consult with the general commissioner, to determine the 
plan of the roads and earthworks, to be executed at the expense and under the supervision of the Imperial 
Commission. 

Every delegate shall also consult with the general commissioner with a view to leave at the disposal of 
the Imperial Commission such portions of space as may exceed the wants of his countrymen, or to obtain 
supplementary space for them in such portions as have been surrendered by tlie delegates of other nations. 

In order to facilitate, as much as possible, the arrangements of foreign exhibitors in the portions of the 
park ascribed to them, the Imperial Commission shall deliver to the delegates, for their information, the plans 
adopted by French exhibitors for exhibiting animals, plants, specimens of houses, &c. (See document B.) 

Art. 9. An official catalogue of the products of all nations shall be published, indicating the place they 
occupy in the palace of the Exposition, or in the park. This catalogue shall contain two alphabetical tables, 
one giving the names of the exhibitors, the other of the objects exhibited. Foreign commissioners are 
invited to forward the information requisite for making this catalogue, before January 31, 1866. 

Art. 10. Such countries as may be represented in the Paris Exposition of 1867 only by a few exliibit- 
ors, and who are geographically neighbors, are invited to join together, in order to secure a methodical group- 
ing of similar productions. 

The Imperial Commission has prepared, for the use of the delegates of those countries, plans contrived 
with a view to conciliate the advantages of such grouping with the fundamental principle of national 
representation. 

The Impei'ial Commission invites also the commissioners of those countries, should they approve of 
these plans, to organize, for each group in Paris, a sub-committee, especially appointed to carry them out. 
The architects and employes of the Imperial Commission shall be placed at the orders of such sub-committees 
without remuneration. 

Art. 11. In each section assigned to exhibitors of the same nation, the objects exhibited shall be divided 
into 10 groujos and into 95 classes, namely: 

Group 1. Works of art. (Classes 1 to 5.) 

Group 2. Materials and applications of the liberal arts. (Classes 6 to 13.) 
Group 3. Furniture and other household articles. (Classes 14 to 26.) 
Group 4. Clothing — including cloths — and other wearing apparel. (Classes 27 to 39.) 
Group 5. Mining, rough and wrought products. (Classes 40 to 46.) 
Group 6. Instruments and processes of the mechanical arts. (Classes 47 to 66.) 
' Group 7. Food, fresh and preserved in its various states. (Classes 67 to 73.) 

Gioup 8. Live agricultural products and specimens. (Classes 74 to 82.) 
Group 9. Natural horticultural products and specimens. (Classes 83 to 88.) 



11 

Group 10. Objects especially exhibited for the purpose of improving the physical and moral condition 
of the population. (Classes 89 to 95.) 

The objects belonging to each group are fully indicated in the system of classification annexed to the 
present regulations. (See document B.) 

The Imperial Commission, in order to profit by the observations which may be addressed to it by French 
exhibitors and foreign commissioners, reserves to itself the right of explaining, in subsequent editions of this 
document, such points as the present wording may have left obscure. 

Art. 12. No work of art, nor any other production exhibited in the palace of the Exposition or in the 
park, shall- be drawn, copied, or reproduced in any way whatsoever, without a permit of the exhibitor to 
whom it belongs. The Imperial Commission reserves the right of authorizing the reproduction of general 
views of the Exposition. 

Art. 13. No work of art, nor any other production exhibited, can be removed before the close of the 
Exposition, without a special permit from the Imperial Commission. 

Art. 14. No rent shall be charged to exhibitors, whether French or foreign, for the space they occupy ; 
but all the expenses for fitting up and decorating the same, either in the palace of the Exposition or the 
park, shall be paid by them. 

Art. 15. Frenchmen and foreigners, in becoming exhibitors, do thereby engage to submit to the present 
regulations. 

Art. 16. The Imperial Commission corresponds with the prefects and other authorities of the French 
Empire, through its president or the general commissioner. 

Art. 17. All communications relating to the Exposition should be addressed, d M. le Conseiller d'Etat, 
Commissaire Gene?-al de l' Exposition Universdle de 1867, d Paris. 

Prepayment is not required within the limits of the French postal service. 

Second Section. 

Special dispositions concerning works of art. 

Art. 18. Are admissible to the Exposition: The works of French and foreign artists executed since 
January 1, 1855. 

Art. 19. Are excluded : 

1st. All copies, even though reproducing a work in a style differing from the original. 

2d. Unframed oil, water color, pastel, and miniature paintings and drawings, or cartoons of stained 

glass or of frescoes. 
3d. Works of sculpture of unbaked clay. 
Art. 20. The Imperial Commission, aided by a special jury, shall decide on the admission of the works 
of French artists. 

The manner in which this jury shall be named and composed, as also the forms to be observed by 
Frenchmen desiring the admission of a work of art to the Exposition, shall be established in future regu- 
lations, which will indicate, at the same time, the manner in which works of art shall be forwarded and 
received. 

Art. 21. The Imperial Commission shall inform the parties concerned, before the 1st of January, 1867, 
of its decisions concerning applications f jr admission of works of art. 

Art. 22. The number and nature of the prizes awarded to works of art shall be established hereafter; 
as also the organization of the international jury appointed to judge them. 

Third Section, 

Special dispositions concerning the productions of agriculture and industry. 

§ 1. — Admission and classification of objects. 

Art. 23. Are admissible to the Exposition : All productions of agriculture and industry, with the 
'exceptions and under the provisions mentioned in the following article: 

Art. 24. Are excluded : All explosive, fulminating, or other substances considered dangerous. 



12 

Spirits or alcohols, essences, essential oils, corroding substances, and generally all substances susceptible 
of injuring other productions exhibited, or of proving inconvenient to the public, shall be admitted only in 
strong suitable packages of small capacity. 

Of percussion caps, fire-works, matches, and similar objects, imitations only, containing no inflammable 
substances, shall be admitted. 

Art. 25. Exhibitors of troublesome or unhealthy objects shall, at all times, conform to the measures of 
safety prescribed to them. 

The Imperial Commission reserves the right of ordering the removal, at any time, of goods, from what- 
ever source, which may, from their nature or their bulk, appear hurtful or unsuited to the object of the 
Exposition. 

Art. 26. The Imperial Commission shall prior to August 15, 1865, inform the foreign commissions of 
the extent of space allowed to each nation in which to exhibit their productions. 

Before August 15, 1865, the Imperial Commission shall publish a table of the space attributed in the 
French section to each of the first 73 classes mentioned in ai'ticle 11. 

Art. 27. After this table shall be published, the French manufacturers whose productions are included 
in the same class are invited to consult together, and to contrive a plan of organization of the space allowed 
to their class. When they have agreed on the choice of the exhibitors to be admitted to that space, and on 
the portion of it to be allowed to each of them, they shall appoint one or more delegates, who shall obtain 
from the Imperial Commission the requisite information, siibmit to it their plan and their list of exhibitors, 
and, in general, represent the common interests of these before the Imperial Commission. 

Art. 28. In the absence of spontaneoiis action, such as is provided for by the preceding article, the mu- 
nicipal authorities of the manufacturing districts, the chambers of commerce, of arts and manufactures, and the 
artistic, industrial, and agricultural societies are invited to promote the concerted action of the people of their 
districts. 

Art. 29. The committees of the departments (Art. 3) shall receive from the Imperial Commission, and 
shall communicate to the chambers of agriculture and to the agricultural societies of their department, the 
plans adopted for representing the agriculture of the various districts of France, in order that they may assist 
in carrying out these plans. They shall particularly invite those societies to organize collective exhibitions 
of the various types of animals and plants, and of rural and agricultural establishments. 

The committees of the departments forming large agricultural districts shall communicate with each other 
as much as possible, in order to represent, without the use of duplicates, the leading features of the agricul- 
ture of the district. 

Art. 30. The applications for admission, referring to the arrangements contemplated in Articles 27, 28> 
and 29, shall be made by the delegates of the parties concerned who have agreed among themselves, or by 
those bodies or societies who may have taken the initiative in it. For this purpose, the delegates shall cause 
every exhibitor to fill up and sign two copies of the form of application for admission, annexed to the present 
regulations. (See document C.) They shall address these applications to the general commissioner, at 
Paris. (Art. 17.) 

Art. 31. Every plan of organization, prepared either through the spontaneous accord of exhibitors of the 
same class, or through the influence of the municipal authorities, chambers of commerce, artistic, industrial, 
or agricultural societies, shall be adopted by the Imperial Commission, if no protest is made against it, and if' 
mioreover, it conforms to the general requisitions of the Exposition. 

Art. 32. The exhibitions thus jointly planned shall be divided into individual and distinct apartments, 
unless all the parties concerned should choose to make of it an exhibition uniting without designating the con- 
tributors, the productions of a locality, or of a district. 

Art. 33. In the case of exhibitions made in the manner referred to in articles 27, 28, and 29, such ex- 
hibitors as may have any claims or protests to present shall apply directly to the general commissioner, who 
shall refer the matter to the decision of the Imperial Commission. 

Art. 34. In cases where the joint action contemplated in articles 27, 28, and 29 does not take place, ex- 
hibitors shall individually fill up and sign two copies of the application for admission, (Art. 30,) to be addressed 
to the general commissioner at Paris. (Art. 17.) 

Art. 35. Applications for admission, claims, and all documents relating to them, shall be sent to Paris 
before October 31, 1865. 

After that date no application or claim shall be received unless by special action of the Imperial Com- 
mission. 



13 

Art. 36. Manufacturers of machinery requiring the use of water, gas, or steam, shall state, in making 
their application for admission, the quantity of water, gas, or steam which they require. Those who intend 
Setting their machinery in motion shall state the speed at which each machine is run, and the motive power 
required. 

Art. 37. Committees of admission appointed hy the Imperial Commission for each of the nine groups of 
agricultural and industrial productions (Art. 11) shall express their opinion on individual applications for ad- 
mission, and on the claims or protests mentioned in article 33. 

The Imperial Commission alone decides on the admission of exhibitors. 

Art. 38. Each French exhibitor shall receive before December 31, 1865, an exJiibitor's ticket, bearing 
his number in the Exposition, the dimensions of the space allotted to him, and the address which he is to put 
on every parcel forwarded by him. 

§ 2. — Conveyance, arrival, and location of goods in the palace and the park. 

Art. 39. The packing and transportation of goods exhibited to and from the Exposition shall be at the 
expense of the exhibitors. 

Art. 40. Packages of French origin containing goods intended for the Exposition shall be marked with 
•the two letters E. U. surrounded by a circle, thus.HiLlJj They shall also bear the number of the exhibitor, 
and the address of the Exposition as given on the exhibitor s ticket. (Art. 38.) 

The bill of lading accompanying each invoice shall also give the exhibitor's name and number, and the 
above address. 

The party sending the goods shall afHx to two sides of each package one of the labels sent for that 
purpose by the Imperial Commission. 

Art. 41. The Imperial Commission shall abstain from any interference between the exhibitors and the 
transportation agents, either as regards the conveying or the reception of goods. 

Exhibitors shall, therefore, provide, either personally or through their agents, for the conveyance of their 
goods, as also for their reception and the identification of the contents of their cases. 

If the exhibitor or his agent be not present to receive the goods when they arrive at the Exposition, the 
carrier shall have to remove them immediately. 

Art. 42. Goods from other countries shall bear a mark plainly indicating their origin. The Imperial 
Commission shall consult with the foreign commissioners, in order that the conveyance of these goods may 
take place according to the regulations prescribed in Article 40 for French goods. On this point, however, 
foreign commissioners shall adopt such measures as they may think best. 

Art. 43. Goods, whether French or foreign, shall be admitted into the Exposition from January 15, 
1867, to March 10, 1867, inclusive. 

These dates may, by special decisions, be either anticipated for some goods difficult to locate, or 
prolonged for objects of great value. 

Art. 44. The interior of the Exposition shall constitute an actual custom-house depot. 

Foreign goods intended for the Exposition shall be received as such until the 5th of March, 1867, at the 
following seaports and frontier towns : 

Dunkirk, Lille, Valenciennes, Feignies, Jeumont, Vireux, Givet, Longwy, Thionville, Forbach, Wissem 
bourg, Strasbourg, Saint Louis, Pontarlier, Bellegarde, Saint Michel, Nice, Marseilles, Cette, Le Perthus, 
Hendaye, Bayonne, Bordeaux, Nantes, Saint Nazaire, Granville, Havre, Dieppe, Rouen, Boulogne, Calais. 

Art. 45. The Imperial Commission shall state, in special instructions, the time when the materials for 
building, forming part of the objects exhibited, machinery, apparatus taken apart, heavy or cumbrous 
objects, or such as require special masonry work or foundations, shall be brought to the Exposition. 

These works of construction and location shall be executed by the exhibitors and at their expense, from 
plans submitted by them to the approval of the Imperial Commission. 

Art. 46. The Imperial Commission furnishes gratuitously the water, gas, steam, and motive power for 
machinery forming the object of the declaration mentioned in Art. 36. This power is generally transmitted 
by a horizontal shaft, the diameter and number of revolutions per minute of which the Imperial Commission 
shall make known before December 31, 1865. 

Exhibitors shall provide the pulley on the shaft, the pulleys transmitting the motion, the intermediate 
shaft regulating the speed for the machine, and all the belts requisite for these transmissions. 

Steam-engines which are to raise their own steam cannot be exhibited within the building, and shall be 
the object of special instructions. 



14 

Art. 47. All other expenses, such as those for the managernent of goods in the Exposition, receivin 
and opening packages, removing and storing boxes and wrappings, building tables, shelves, and show-cases, 
placing the goods in the palace or in the park, decorating the space occupied, and sending back the goods 
exhibited, shall be met hy the exhibitors, both French and foreign. 

Art. 48. The arranging and decorating of exhibitions in the French section, both in the palace and in 
the park, shall only be executed in conforming to the general plan and under the inspection of agents of the 
Imperial Commission. 

Exhibitors desiring it shall be referred by the Imperial Commission to contractors for the execution of 
their orders and the management of their goods ; but the exhibitors shall be free to employ such contractors 
or workmen as they may choose. 

Art. 49. The divers exhibitors may take their place in the palace as the construction advances. The 
arrangements shall be commenced, at the latest, on the first day of December, 1866, aud shall be ready to 
receive the goods before the loth of January, 1867. 

§^^Art. 50. The space reserved aside from that intended for the exhibition of goods being strictly calculated 
to meet th? wants of circulation, no packages or empty boxes shall be permitted to cumber it. 

Consec[uently all boxes and cases are to be opened as they arrive. The Imperial Commission shall 
proceed at once, at the expense and risk of the exhibitors, to open cases left by them in the passages. 

Goods already unpacked shall be arranged and disposed in the Exposition between the 11th and the 
28th of March, 1867. The 29th and 30th are reserved for a general clearing. The whole Exposition shall 
be reviewed on the 31st of March. 

The Imperial Commission shall take all necessary measures to have the Exposition complete in all 
its parts by the 28th of March. It shall consequently dispose of any space which by the 14th of January, 
1867, shall not be occupied by a lot of goods ready to be arranged, or of any space which by the 10th of 
March shall not show a sufficient quantity of products. 

Art. 51. Immediately after unpacking, the boxes which have served for the transportation of goods 
from all sources shall be removed by the exhibitors or their agents. In case they do not provide for this at 
once, the Imperial Commission shall cause the boxes and packages to be removed, without assuming any 
responsibility for their preservation. 

Art. 52. Special instructions shall be published hereafter concerning the organization and arrangement 
of such goods aud products exhibited as are to be placed in the park. 

§ III, Administralion and Police. 

Art. 53. The goods are to be exhibited under the name of the producer. They may, however, with his 
consent, bear also the name of the dealer acting usually as agent for their sale. 

The Imperial Commission may, in case of need, agree with dealers to have goods exhibited in their name in 
the exposition when they are not exhibited by the producer. 

Art. 54. Exhibitors are invited to write after their names, or that oftheir firms, the names of those hav- 
ing had a special part in the production of the objects exhibited as inventors, designers of models, mechanical 
processes or by their exceptional skill as workmen. 

Art. 55. The cash price and place of sale may be affixed to objects exhibited. This indication is required 
for all objects belonging to class ninety-one. In all classes the prices marked shall be binding for the exhi- 
bitor ; any deviation from this rule shall exclude the exhibitor from competing for the prizes. 

Objects sold cannot be removed before the close of the Exposition without a special permit of the Imperial 
Commission. 

Art. [)(!>. The Imperial Commission shall take all necessary measures to guard the goods exhibited from 
oeceiving any damage ; but it shall in no way be responsible for accidents by fire or otherwise, whatever may 
be their cause or the extent of the damage. It leaves the exhibitors free to insure their goods directly and at 
their own expense, if they see fit to take that meastire. 

Art. 57. Special regulations, posted up in the palace and in the park, shall indicate the order of the interior 
service. They shall also indicate the agents appointed to assist exhibitors and to watch over the safety of 
the Exposition. 

Art. 58. A free ticket admitting them to the Exposition shall be delivered to every exhibitor. These 
tickets are personal. It shall be withdrawn if it is found to have been lent or given to another person, and 
the exhibitor will be liable to be prosecuted. To regulate this portion of the service, the tickets shall be signed 
by the exhibitors. These shall enter by stated doors and may be required to prove their identity by signing 
a register. 



15 

Art. 59. Exhibitors shall be at liberty to have their goods guarded by agents of their choice, v/ho shall, 
however, have been accepted by the imperial commission. 

Personal tickets of admission shall be delivered gratis to such agents, subject to the regulations contained 
in the preceding article. 

Any person acting as agent for exhibitors can receive but one of these tickets, whatever number of exhib- 
itors he may represent. 

Art. 60. Exhibitors and their agents shall refrain from inviting visitors to make purchases ; they shall only 
answer questions addressed to them, and hand card, handbill or price list, when asked. 

Art. 61. The Imperial Commission shall settle hereafter the price to be paid by visitors for admission into 
the Exposition. 

Art. 62. An international jury, divided into nine groups, corresponding to the nine groups of agricultural 
and industrial productions named in the system of classification, (article 1 1 and document B,) shall be ap- 
pointed to award the prizes. 

Future regulations shall determine the number, the nature, and the degrees of the prizes awarded, as also 
the composition and the powers of the jury appointed to award them. 

Art. 63. Studies and experiments shall be made under the supervision of the members of the jury of the 
prizes, and of a scientific agricultural and industrial commisssion appointed by the Imperial Commission. Such 
results of these experiments as may be of interest for the public shall be published. 

Art. 6i. Conferences and demonstrations may take place in the different parts of the exposition. Lectures 
may also be delivered in a hall constructed for that purpose. All these, hovrever, shall only take place by 
special and personal authorization delivered by the Imperial Commission. 

§ IV. Closing of the Exposition and removal of the goods. 

Art. 66. Immediately after the closing of the Exposition, exhibitors shall proceed to packingup and remov- 
ing their goods and fixtures. 

This removal shall be completed before November 30, 1867. 

After that date all goods, packages, or fixtures, not removed by the exhibitors or their agents, shall be re- 
moved by order of the Imperial Commission to a public storehouse at the risk and expense of the exhibitors. 
Objects not taken from that storehouse by the 30th of Ji;ne, 1868, shall then be sold at public sale, and the 
proceed shall be applied to some object of benevolence. 

Done and enacted by the Imperial Commission, July 7, 1864. 

The Minister of State, Vice President. 

ROUHER. 

Seen and annexed to the decree of Julyl2, 1865. 

The Minister of State acting ad interim as Minister of Agriculture, Commerce and Public "Works. 

ROUHER. 

The Secretary of the Imperial Commission. 

.DE. CHANCOURTOIS. 

For ampliation : The Councellor of State, General Commissioner. 

F. LE. PLAY. 



SECTION B.— SYSTEM OF CLASSIFICATION. 
First Group. — Works of Art. 

Class 1, (Palace Gallery 1.) — Paintings in Oil. — Paintings on canvas, on panels, on glazing, and other 

surfaces. 
Class 2, (Palace Gallery 1.) — Various Paintings and Designs. — Miniatures, aquarelles, pastels, and designs 

of all kinds ; paintings on enamel, on crockery, on porcelaine ; cartoon, for frescoes and for 

glass windows. 
Class 3, (Palace Gallery 1.) — Sculptures and Engravings on Medals. — Spherical, embossing, sculptured 

bas-reliefs, sculptures reponsees, pressed and chiselled, medals, cameos, engraved stones, 

chemical engravings. 
Class 4, (Palace Gallery 1.) — Designs aiid Models of Architecture. — Studies and fragments, representations 

and projects of edifices, restorations from ruins and from documents. 
Class 5, (Palace Gallery 1.) — Engravings and Litltographs. — Engravings (black) on copper, wood, stone, 

&c. ; engravings in several colors ; lithographs, in black, in crayon, in pencil, and in colors. 



16 

Second Group, (Palace G-alleiy 2.) — Materials and their Applications in the Liberal Arts. 

Class 6. — Specimens of Printing and PuhlisJdng. — Specimens of typography ; proof-sheets of autography 
and lithography, in black and in colors ; proof-sheets of engravings ; new books and new 
editions of books already known ; collections of works forming libraries on special subjects ; 
periodical publications ; designs ; technical and school atlases and albums. 

Class 7, (Palace Gallery 2.) — Specimens of Stationer i/, of Book-binding, and of Materials used in Painting 
and Designing. — Papers, cards, pasteboards, inks, chalks, pencils, pastels, furniture of writing- 
desks, inkstands, letter balances, copy -presses, &c. ; registers, copy-books, albums, note-books, 
instrument-cases, bands, elastic bands ; various articles for water-colors, aquarelles, colors in 
cakes, in bladders, in tubes, and in shells ; instruments used by painters, designers, gravers, and 
modellers ; specimens of paper work, lamp-shades, lanterns, flower-pots, &c. 

Class 8, (Palace Gallery 2.) — Specimens of Design and Plastic Moulding applied in the Ordinary Arts. — 
Industrial designs ; designs obtained, reproduced, or reduced, by mechanical means ; decorative 
paintings ; industrial lithographs or engravings ; models and rough sketches of figures, orna- 
ments, &c. ; sculptured work, cameos, lockets, and various objects ornamented by engraving ; 
industrial medals, moulded by machines ; reductions and photographs ; sculptures ; various 
objects moulded. 

Class 9, (Palace Gallery 2.) — Proofs and Apparatus of Photography. — Photography on paper, glass, 
wood, stuffs, enamel ; heliographic engravings, lithographic proofs, photographic stereotypes, 
stereoscopes and stereoscopic proofs ; specimens obtained by amplification ; instruments, tools, 
and materials for photography ; materials and apparatus for photographic workshops. 

Class 10, (Palace Gallery 2.) — Instruments of Music. — Wind instruments, not metallic, with simple open- 
ings, with windpipes, with reeds, with or without reservoirs of air ; metallic Avind instruments, 
simple, with extensions, slides, pistons, keys, key -boards ; wind instruments, AVith key-boards, 
organs, accordeons ; instruments with cords for compression, or for the bow, without key-boards ; 
instruments with cords and key-boards, pianos, &c. ; instruments for percussion or friction ; 
automatic instruments, organs of Barbary, serinettes, &c. ; detached pieces and apparatus for 
orchestras. 

Class 11, (Palace Gallery 2.) — Apparatus and Instruments of the Medical Art. — Materials and instruments 
for dressing wounds, sores, and for inferior surgery ; instruments for medical explorations ; 
materials and instruments for surgery ; trusses and cases of instruments ; cases of medicaments 
intended especially for army surgeons, navy surgeons, veterinary surgeons, dentists, occulists, 
&c.; apparatus for restoring sensation, general or local; apparatus (mechanical or plastic) de 
prothese, (the substitution of parts or members;) apparatus for deformities, ruptures, &c. ; 
various apparatus for the sick, infirm, deranged ; accessory objects used in the medical and 
surgical service, in pharmaceutics, and in hospitals and infirmaries. 
Materials for anatomical researches ; apparatus for researches in medico-legal practice ; special 
materials for" veterinary medical fracture; apparatus for baths, medical baths, &c.; apparatus 
for the physical exercise of children, for healthful and for medical gymnastics, &c. ; apparatus 
for aid to the wounded on the field of battle, ambulances, civil and military, for armies on land 
and at sea. 
Apparatus for aid to the drowning, suffocating, fainting, &c., and for electrotherapic. 

Class 12. Instruments of Precisionj and Apparatus for Instruction in Science. — Instruments used in prac- 
tical geometry, compasses, micrometers, levels, micromatic lenses, calculating machines, &c. 
Apparatus and instruments for surveying, for topography, for land measure, for astronomy, &c. ; 
apparatus for various observations ; apparatus and instruments of the arts of precision, weights 
and measures of different countries, moneys, medals, &c. ; balances ; instruments for physical 
observations, meterology, &c. ; optical instruments ; apparatus for instruction in physical science, 
in elementary geometry, descriptive geometry, solids and mechanics. 
Models and instruments for instruction in the industrial arts in general ; collections for instruction 
in natural sciences ; figures and models for instruction ia medipal science, flei^ible anatomical 
models, &c. 



17 

Class 13, (Palace Gralleiy 2.) — Geography, Cosmography, Apparatus, Maps, Charts, ifc. — Maps and atlases, 
topographical, geographical, geological, hydrological, astronomical, &c. ; marine charts, physical 
charts of all sorts, flat and in relief; celestial and terrestial globes and spheres, apparatus for the 
study of cosmography. 
Statistical works, tables, tables and ephemerides, for astronomers and mariners. 

Third Group. — (Palace Gallery 3.) — Furniture and other objects used in dwellings. 

Class 14. — Rich Furnishings. — Sideboards, bookcases, tables, toilettes, beds, sofas, seats, billiards, &c. 

Class 15, (Palace Gallery 3.) — Upholstery and Decorative Work. — Bedding, covered seats, canopies, curtains, 
hangings in tapestry and in stuffs ; furniture and decorative objects in rich stone and other 
valuable materials ; decorations moulded in paste, in plaster, in pasteboard ; decorative painting, 
frames, furniture ; decorative ornaments for religious service. 

Class 16, (Palace Gallery 3). — Crystals, Rich Glassware and Glazing. — Goblets in crystal, cut-glass, double 
crystal, mounted crystal, &c. ; glass for windows, furniture, and mirrors ; glass figured, enam- 
elled, crackled, filigraned; optical crystals; ornamental glass-painted windows. 

Class 17, (Palace Gallery 3.) — Porcelain, Faience, and other Potteries. — Biscuit, hard and tender porcelains ; 
fine earthenware, glazed and colored ; biscuit of faience, terre cuile, enamelled lavas. 

Class IS, (Palace Gallery 3.) — Carpets, Hangings, and other furniture tissues. — Carpets, Wilton carpets, 
velvet tapestries ; carpets of felt, of cloth, of clippings of wool, silk, or floss silk, of mat- weed, 
of India-rubber ; furniture tissues of cotton, wool, silk, hair, vegetable leather, moleskin, leather 
hangings and coverings, oil-cloths, &c. 

Class 19, (Palace Gallery 3.) — Painted Paper. — Papers printed on blocks with rollers, with machines, 
papers velveted, marbled, veined, &c., pasteboards, book covers, &c. ; paper for artistic uses, 
spring blinds, &c., painted or printed. 

Class 20, (Palace Gallery 3.) — Cutlery. — Knives, penknives, razors, scissors, &c. 

Class 21, (Palace Gallery 3.) — Goldworh. — Goldwork for religious service, for table use and ornament, for 
toilettes, bureaus, &c. 

Class 22, (Palace Gallery 3.) — Bronzes, various artistic castings, and loorks in metals, Repousses. — Statues 
and bas-reliefs in bronze, in cast-iron, in zinc ; decorative and ornamental bronzes ; imitations 
of bronze castings in zinc ; castings coated with metallic coverings by the galvanic process ; 
repousses in lead, zinc, copper, &c. 

Class 23, (Palace Gallery 3.) — Clocks and Clocktvork. — Separate pieces of clockwork; spring clocks, pen- 
dulum clocks, electrical clocks, watches, chronometers, regulators, second counters, apparatuses 
for measuring time, hour-glasses, sand-glasses, clepsydras, &c. 

Class 24, (Palace Gallery 3.) — Apparatus and metliods of Warming and Lighting. — Fireplaces, chimneys, 
stoves, furnaces, calorifere, accessory objects ; apparatus for heating by gas, by hot water, by 
hot air ; apparatus for ventilating and for drying, Etuves ; enamelled lamps, blowpipes, portable 
forges ; lamps for oil, mineral, vegetable, or animal ; other accessories of lighting ; apparatus 
for lighting by gas ; photo-electrical lamps ; apparatus for lighting by magnesium. 

Class 25, (Palace Gallery 3.) — Perfumery. — Cosmetics and pomatums, perfumed oils, perfumed essences, 
liquid extracts, scents, aromatic vinegars, almond paste, powders, pastilles and perfumed sacks, 
combustible perfumes, toilette soaps. 

Class 26, (Palace Gallery 3.) — Fancy Articles, Toys, Basketwork. — Small fancy articles of furniture, liquor 
cases, glove boxes, caskets, lacker work, dressing cases, work-boxes, screens, pocketbooks, 
purses, portfolios, cigar cases, memorandums; articles of checkwork ; articles turned, sculp- 
tured, engraved, of wood, of ivory, in shell, snuff-boxes, pipes, combs, brushes, corbeilles, and 
fancy baskets ; basket work, grass work. 

Fourth Group. — (Palace Gallery 4.) — Garments, Tissues for Clothing and other articles of 

wearing apparel. 

Class 27. — Yarn and Tissues of Cotton. — Cotton, prepared and spun ; tissues of cotton, plain and figured ; 

tissues of cotton, mixed ; cotton, velvets, tapes, &c. 
Class 28, Palace Gallery 4.) — Yarn, and Tissues of lAnen, Heinp, 4"C. — Flax, hemp, and other vegetable 

fibres spun ; linen and ticking ; Baptiste tissues of thread, mixed with cotton and silk ; tissues 

of vegetable fibres, equivalent to linen and hemp. 
3 



18 

Class 29, (Palace Gallery 4.) — Yarn arid Tissues of Combed Wool. — Combed wools, tissues of combed wools, 
mousselines, merinos, Scotch cashmeres, serges, &c. ; galoous of wool, mixed with cotton, or 
thread, or silk, or floss ; tissues of hair, plain and mixed. 

Class 30, (Palace Gallery 4.) — Yarns and Tissues of Carded Wool. — Carded wool and yarn of carded 
wool ; cloths and other tissues of wool, carded and fulled ; blankets, felts of wool or of hair, for 
carpets ; hats, socks, tissues of wool carded and not fulled or slightly fulled, flannels, tartans, &c. 

Class 31 — Silk and Tissues of Silk. — Silks raw or milled, silk or floss thread or yarn, tissues of silk, plain 
and figured; silk stuffs mixed with gold, silver, cotton, or wool; tissues of floss, silk pure or 
mixed ; velvets, plushes, ribbons of silk, pure or mixed. 

Class 32, (Palace Gallery 4.) — Shawls. — Shawls of wool, pure or mixed; shawls of silk and of cashmere. 

Class 33, (Palace Gallery 4.) — Laces, Embroideries, and Trimmings for Clothing, Military Clothing, Fur- 
niture, Carriages, Harness, i^c. — Laces of thread or cotton, made with the lace spindle, needle, 
or machines; lace of silk, wool, or of goats' hair; gold or silver lace; tulle of silk or cotton, 
plain or figured; embroideries Avith the needle, the book, &c. ; embroideries in gold, in silver, in 
silk, in thread ; tapestry embroideries, and other handwork ; trimmings of silk, floss, wool, 
goats' hair, hair, thread, and cotton ; lacets, military trimmings, fine and coarse. 

Class 34, (Palace Gallery 4.) — Hosiery, Linen, and other articles of clothing. — Stockings of cotton, thread, 
wool, cashmere, silk and floss, pure or mixed; garments of linen for men, women, children, baby- 
linen; garments of flannel and other tissues of wool; corsets; cravats; gloves; gaiters; fans; 
screens; umbrellas; parasols; canes ; &c. 

Class 35, (Palace Gallery 4.) — Clothing for Men,Women, and Children. — Garments for men; garments for 
women ; coiffures for men and women, wigs and hair work ; boots and shoes ; children's clothes ; 
professional garments. 

Class 36, (Palace Gallery 4.) — Jewelry and Precious Ornaments. — Oi'naments of gold, platinum, silver, and 
aluminum, chiselled in filagree, or set with fine stones, &c. 
Diamonds; precious stones; pearls and imitations. 

Class 37, (Palace Gallery 4.) — Portable Armor. — Defensive arms — bucklers, shields, cuirasses, casques; 
offensive arms — war clubs, maces, bludgeons, battle-axes, &c.; foils, swords, sabres, bayonets, 
lances, hatchets, hunting-knives, bows, cross-bows, slings. 
Fire-arms — muskets, cai-bines, pistols, revolvers ; accessory articles — powder flasks, bullet moulds; 
projectiles oblong, spherical, hollow, explosive ; percussion caps, primings, cartridges. 

Class 38, (Palace Gallery 4.) — Articles for travelling a7id for encampment. — Trunks, valises, sacks, bags, 
&c.; dressing-cases; trusses, &c.; various articles, coverings, cushions, coiffures, costumes, shoes, 
walking sticks, parasols, &c. 
Portable for travelling and scientific expeditions; photographic apparatus, instruments for meteor- 
ological and astronomical observations ; necessaries for geologists, mineralogists, naturalists, 
settlers, and pioneers ; tent and camp articles ; military tent furniture — beds, hammocks, pliant 
seats, canteens, mills, ovens, &c. 

Class 39, (Palace Gallery 4.) — Toys and Gewgaws. — Dolls and playthings; figures in wax; plays for 
children and for adults ; instructive playthings. 

Fifth Group. — (Palace Gallery 5.) — Products, wrought and unwrought, of Extractive Industries. 

Class 40. — Products of Mines and Metallurgy. — Collections and specimens of rocks, ores, and minerals ; 
ornamental stones, marbles, serpentines, onyx, and other hard stones ; materials difficult of 
fusion ; earths and clays ; various mineral products, raw sulphur, rock salt, salt from springs, 
bitumens, and petroleums ; samples of combustible, raw, and carbonized agglomerations of pit 
coal; raw metals, pig iron, iron, steel, copper, lead, silver, zinc, &c.; metallic alloys; products 
of buddlers, (and cinders,) of refiners of precious metals, of gold beaters, &c. 
Products of electro-metallurgy, objects coated with gold, silver, copper, steel, &c., by the gal- 

vanoplastic method. 
Products of the elaboration of raw metals, moulded castings, bills, iron of commerce, iron for 
special uses, sheet-iron, tin, extra plates for constructions and for plating ships ; sheet-copper- 
lead, and zinc; wrought metals, forge work, heavy work for gates, fences, &c.; wheels, ban- 
dages, tubes without solder, chains, &c. 
Products of wire mills, needles, pins, trellis-work, metallic tissues, perforated plates; hardware; 
edge tools; ironmongery; coppei-, brass, plate, and tin wares; wrought metal of various kinds. 



19 

Class 41. (Palace Gallery 5.) — Products of the Forest. — Specimens of different species of wood, wood for 
cabinet work, and for building; fire-wood, wood for sliip work, for walking sticks, for splin- 
tering ; corks; textile barks; tanning, coloring, odoriferous, and resinous substances; products 
of forest industry; roasted and carbonized wood; crude potash; wood for cooperage, for basket- 
work, for sabots, for mat- work, &c. 
Class 42, (Palace Gallery 5.) — Products of Hu.nt'mg and Fisheries, and Collections of Natural Growth. — 
Collections and drawings of terrestrial and amphibious animals, of birds, of eggs, fish, cetacea, 
Crustacea, mollusks. 

Products of iiunting — furs, peltries, hair, fine and coarse, feathers, down, horns, teeth, ivory, bones, 
shells, musk, castoreura, and similar products. 

Products of fisheries — whale oil, spermaceti, whalebone, ambergris, shells of mollusks, pearl, 
mother of pearl, corals, sponges, sepia, purple, &c. 

Collections from natural growth — champignons; trufHes; wild fruits; lichens for dyeing, for food, 
and for fodder, saps fermented ; Peruvian bark, useful barks, and filaments ; wax ; resinous 
gums ; caoutchouc ; gutta-percha, &c. 
Class 43, (Palace Gallery 5.) — Agricultural Products (not used for food) of Easij Preservation. — Textile 
materials — raw cotton ; linen and hemp, dressed and not dressed; vegetable textile fibers of all 
sorts ; wool in fleece ; cocoons of silk-worm. 

Products of agriculture used in manufactures, pharmacy, and domestic economy — oleaginous 
plants, oils, wax, resins, tobacco, tinder, substances for tanning and for tinting; fodder and 
provender preserved. 
Class 44, (Palace Gallery 5.) — Chemical and Pharmaceutical Products. — Acids, alkalies, salts of all kinds, 
marine salt, spring salt. 

Various chemical products — wax, soap, candles, matters for perfumery, resins, tar waters, essences, 
varnishes, coatings, waxings; manufactures of caoutchouc, of gutta-percha; substances for dyes 
and colors. 

Natural and artificial mineral waters — gas waters, elementary pharmaceutic substances, simple 
and compound medicaments. 
Class 45, (Palace Gallery 5.) — Specimens of the Chemical Methods of Bleacliing and Dyeing, of Stamping 
and Preparations. — Samples of yarn and tissues, dyed ; samples of preparations for dyeing; linens 
printed and dyed ; tissues of printed cotton, pure and mixed ; tissues of printed woollens, pure 
and mixed, combed or carded ; tissues of printed silks, pure or mixed ; printed carpets, of felt 
or cloth ; linens, painted or waxed. 
Ci-ass 46, (Palace Gallery 5.) — Leather and Skins. — Elementary matters employed in the preparation of 
skins and leather; hides, green and salt; leather, tanned, curried, prepared, and dyed; varnished 
leather ; morocco and sheep-skins ; Hungary leather ; chamois-skins, dressed with the hair or 
wool on; preparations and dyes; skins prepared for gloves; peltry and furs prepared and 
dyed ; parchments. 

Articles of membrane work, cords for musical instruments, gold-beaters' skins, neves [nerves] of 
cattle, &c. 

Sixth Group, (Palace Gallery 6.) — Instruments and Processes of Common Arts. 

Class 47. — Apparatus and Methods of Mining and Metallurgy. — Apparatus for boring, for artesian wells 
and large wells ; machines for drilling in mines, for digging coal, and for quarrying stone and 
breaking vxp rocks. 

Apparatus for drawing electricity from mines. 

Models, plans, and views of works and labor in mines and quarries ; ladders for mines, worked by 
machines ; machinery for lifting from mines ; machines for exhausting and pumping ; apparatus 
for airing ; ventilators, safety -lamps, &c. ; photo-electric lamps ; apparatus for safety parachutes ; 
signals. 

Apparatus for the mechanical preparation of minerals ; apparatus for the agglomeration of combus- 
tibles. 

Apparatus for carbonizing combustibles ; furnaces and hearths for metals ; apparatus for consuming 
smoke ; machines for metallic works ; special apparatus for forges and foundries ; electro-metal- 
lurgic apparatus ; apparatus lor the working of metals in all forms. 



20 

Class 48, (Palace Gallery G.) — Implements and P?-ocesses of Rural and Forest Work. — Plans of cultivation ; 
divisions by nature of the soil ; retjnisite manures and successions of crops adapted to each ; 
materials and methods of agricultural engineering; surface di-aining ; under draining ; irrigation. 

Plans and models of rural buildings ; tools, implements, machines, and apparatus for preparing the 
ground for sowing, planting, and harvesting ; for preserving and preparing the products of 
agriculture ; carts, wagons, and apparatus for agricultural and rural transportation, for training 
and managing horses, &c. 

Fertilizing substances, organic or mineral. 

Apparatus for the chemical and physical study of soils. 

Plans for replanting, cultivating, and managing forests ; implements of forest work. 
Class 49, (Palace Gallery 6.) — Apparatus and Instruments for Hunting, Fishing, andforcolhcting Natural 
Products. — Arms, traps, snares, machines and equipments for hunting ; fish-lines, fish-hooks, 
harpoons, nets, apparatus and bait for fishing ; apparatus and instruments for gathering products 
obtained without cultivation. 
Class 50, (Palace Gallery 6.) — Materials and Methods of Agricultural Works and of Alimentary Industry . — 
Apparatus for agricultural work, making manures, making pipes for drainage, dairies, corn 
and flour trade, disposal of fecula, making starch, oil, brewing, distilling, making sugar, refining 
sugar; works for preparing textile fibres, silk-worm nurseries, &c. 

Apparatus for the preparation of food, bread-kneaders, and mechanical ovens for bakers ; utensils 
for pastry and confectionery. 

Apparatus for making dough, for sea-biscuit, for chocolate, for roasting coffee, for ices and sorbets, 
and for making ice. 
Class 51, (Palace Gallery 6.) — Chemical, Pharmaceutic, and Tanning Apparatus. — Apparatus and utensils 
for laboratories ; apparatus and instruments for tests and experiments in industry and commerce. 

Machines and utensils used in the manufacture of chemical products, soaps, candles, &c. ; appa- 
ratus and processes for making essences, varnish, and objects of caoutchouc and gutta-percha. 

Machines and apparatus for gas-works; machines and methods for bleaching; machines and 
preparations of pharmaceutic products ; machines and tools for work-shops, for tanning and 
dressing leather. 

Machines and apparatus for glass-works and potteries. 
Class 52, (Palace Gallery 6.) — Motors, Generators, and Mechanical Apparatus especially adapted to the 
uses of the Exhibition. — Boilers and steam generators, with safety apparatuses ; steam-pipes 
and accessory objects; shafts, fixed and moveable; pulleys and belts; means of starting and 
stopping, shifting and regulating the movements of machinery ; motors for furnishing water, 
and the necessary motive power in the diflerent parts of the palace and park. 

Cranes and all sorts of apparatus proposed for the handling of packages and objects in the palace 
and grounds ; rails and turn-tables proposed for use in the palace and park. 
Class 53, (Palace Gallery 6.) — Machines and Mechanical Apparatus in general. — Detached pieces of 
machinery, supports, rollers, slides, eccentrics, cog-wheels, connecting-rods, parallelograms, 
joints, belts, systems of ropes, &c. ; mechanism for changing the gear of machinery, clicks, &c. ; 
movement regulators and moderators ;*"'greasing apparatus. 

Indicators and registers, dynamometres, manometres, weighing apparatus, gauges and apparatus 
for gauging liqirids and gases ; machines for handling heavy objects, hydraulic elevators, pumps, 
water-wheels, rams, &c., wheel and chain buckets for irrigation, reservoirs, wheels, wheels with 
vertical shaft, machines a colonne d'eau ; steam machinery, boilers, generators, and accessory 
apparatus, condensers ; machines moved by the vapor of ether, chloroform, ammoniac, or by 
combined vapors. 

Gas-engines, air-engines, compressed air-engines ; electro-magnetic motors, Avind-mills, &c. ; 
aerostats. 
Class 54, (Palace Gallery 6.) — Machine Tools. — Machine tools -for preparatory wood-work; turning- 
lathes ; planing and boring-machines ; mortising, piercing, and cutting-machines ; screw-cutting, 
nut-cutting, and riveting-machines ; various tools belonging to the yards of mechanical con- 
structors. 

Tools, machines, and apparatus used in pressing, crushing, mixing, sawing, polishing, &c. ; special 
machine-tools for various uses. 



21 

Class 55, (Palace Gallery 6.) — Apparatus and Methods of Spinning and Rope-maJcing. — Apparatus for 
hand-spinning ; detached parts of spinning-machines ; machines and apparatus for preparing and 
spinning textile matters. 
Apparatus and methods adapted to the complementary operations, such as drawing out, winding 

off, twisting, milling, &c. 
Apparatus for classifying and determining the condition of the threads. 

Apparatus of rope-yards, round, flat, and diminishing cables, rope and twine, wire cables, cables 
with metallic centre, fuzes, quick matches, &c. 
Class 56, (Palace Gallery 6.) — Apparatus and Methods of Weaving. — Preparatory apparatus^forVeaving ; 
machinery for warping and for bobbins; glazing and smoothing ; ordinary and power looms for 
plain tissues and for figured tissues ; loom-reeds ; electrical looms ; carpet and tapestry looms ; 
mesh looms for hosiery and tulle; apparatus for making lace, for fringes and for tiimmings ; 
looms for high warping and methods of shuttling ; accessory ^apparatus, calenders, crimping, 
weaving, measuring, and folding-machines, &c. 
Class 57, (Palace Gallery 6.) — Apparatus and Processes of Sewing and Making Clothes. — Ordinary 
instruments for cutting, and seAving, and making ; machines for sewing, quilting, and embroider- 
ing; tools for cutting up stuffs and leather for clothes, shoes, &c. ; machines for screwing, 
nailing, and making shoes and boots. 
Class 58, (Palace Gallery 6) — Apparatus and Methods of making Furniture and Household Objects. — 
Machines for veneering ; saws for cutting in profile, &c.; machines for mouldings and frames, 
for ornamental floor-work and furniture-work, &c. ; turning lathes, and various apparatus for 
joiners' and cabinet makers' shops ; machines for pressing and stamping; machines and appa- 
ratus for working in stucco, in pasteboard, in ivory, in bone, in horn; machines for pointing, 
sculpturing, and reducing statues, and for engraving and chasing. 
Machines for sawing and polishing hard stones, marble, &c. 
Class 59, (Palace Gallery 6 ) — Apparatus and Methods of Taper-making, Coloring, and Stamping. — 
Apparatus for stamping paper, colors, and tissues ; machines for engraving cylinders ; apparatus 
for bleaching, coloring, preparing paper and tissues ; apparatus for making paper in vats, and by 
machines ; apparatus for crimping, ruling, glazing, and pressing paper ; machines for cutting, 
paring, and stamping paper, &c. ; apparatus and materials for letter casting, stereotyping, &c. 
Machines and apparatus employed in stereotyping, mezzotinting, autography, lithography, chalco- 
graphy, paniconography, chromo-lithography, &c. ; printing of postage-stamps ; machines for 
composing and for classifying letters. 
Class 60, (Palace Gallery 6.) — Machinery, Instruments, and Methods used in Various Works. — Machinery 
for stamping money, for making biittons, pens, pins, envelopes, brushes, cards, capsules, for 
loading merchandise, and for corking and capping bottles. 
Tools and methods of making lock-works, toys, ornamental boxes, baskets, &c. 
Class 61, (Palace Gallery 6.) — Carriage and Cart Work. — Separate pieces of carriage and cart work, 
wheels, bands, axles, wheel-boxes, tires, &c., springs, and various methods of suspension, systems 
of tackling and breaks; specimens of carts and vehicles for special uses, public carriages, 
private carriages, state carriages, hand carriages, litters, sleighs, and velocipedes. 
Class 62, (Palace Gallery 6.) — Harness-work and Saddlery. — Articles of harness-work, buckles, orna- 
ments, &c. 
Saddles, donkey saddles, cacolet ; harness and bridles for riding; harness for draught; stirrups, 
spurs, whips, &c. 
Class 63, (Palace Gallery 6.) — Materials for Railroads and Cars. — Separate pieces, springs, buflPers, 
breaks, &c. 
Fixed materials, rails, chairs, splices, switches, turu-tables, fenders, watering-cranes, reservoirs, 
signals for sight and sound ; rolling materials, wagons for earthwork, for merchandise, for cattle, 
for travellers. 
Locomotives, fenders, &c. ; machinery and tools of work-shops, for repairs and reconstructions. 
Material and machines for inclined planes and self-working inclines. 

Material and machines for atmospheric railways ; models of machinery ; systems of traction 
apparatus applicable to iron roads; models, plans; and drawings of termini, stations, sheds, and 
out-houses, necessary to railways. 



22 

Class 64, (Palace Gallery 6.) — Aiiparatus and Metliods of Tclegrapliing. — Telegraphic apparatus, based on 
the transmission of light, sound, &c. 

Apparatus of the electrical telegraph, supports, conductors, tighteners, electrical batteries ; appa- 
ratus for sending and receiving despatches, bolls and electrical signals, accessory objects for the 
service ; lightning-rods, commutators, prepared papers for printing, and autographic transmis- 
sions, special apparatus for submarine telegraphs. 
Class 65, (Palace Gallery 6.) — Materials and Methods adapted to Civil Engineering, Public Works and 
Architecture. — Materials for building, wood, metals, ornamental stones, lime, mortar, cements, 
artificial stone, beton, tiles, brick, slate, pasteboard, and felt, for roofing. 

Materials and specimens of preserved wood, apparatus and methods of testing materials; materials 
of works for embankments, excavating machines ; apparatus for stone cutters' yards ; tools and 
methods for draughtsmen, stone-cutters, masons, carpenters, roofers, tilers, slaters, locksmiths' 
joiners, glaziers, plumbers, house-painters, &c. 

Ornamental iron-work, locks, padlocks, railings, balconies, banisters, &c. 

Materials and machines for foundation work, pile-drivers, piles, screw-posts, pumps, pneumatic 
apparatus, dredging-machiues, &c. ; machines for hydraulic work, seaports, canals, rivers, &c. ; 
materials and apparatus iised in water-works and gas-works ; materials for repairing roads, 
plantations, and public works. 

Models, plans, and drawings of public works, bridges, viaducts, aqueducts, sewers, canal 
bridges, &c. 

Light-houses, public monuments for special purposes, private buildings, hotels, and houses to let, 
Avorkmen's residences, &:c. 
Class G6, (Palace Gallery 6.) — Navigation and Salvage. — Drawings and models of ships, docks, floating 
docks, &c. 

Drawing and models of all kind of vessels for river and maritime navigation ; types and models 
adopted by the navy ; apparatus employed in navigation ; boats and various craft ; ship 
chandlery; flags, signals, buoys, beacons, &c.; materials and apparatus for swimming exercises, 
for diving, and for salvage ; floats, diving-bells, nautile impermeable clothing, submarine boats, 
apparatus for marine salvage, carrying hawsers, life-boats, &c. 

Seventh Group. — (Palace Gallery 7.) — Food, fresh or preserved, L\r various stages of preparation. 

Class 67. — Cereals and other Farinaceous Edibles, with their derivatives. — Wheat, rye, barley, maize, rice 
millet, and other cereals in grain or flour ; hulled grain, meal. 
Farina of potatoes, rice, lentils, &c. ; glutens-tapioca, sago, arrowroot, cassava, and other fecula; 

specimens of mixed meals, &c. 
Italian pastes, semoull, vermicelli, maccaroni ; alimentary compositions as substitutes for bread, 
ribbon, vermicelli, pulp, domestic pastes, &c. 

Class 6S, (Palace Gallery 7.) — BaJcing and Pastry Cooking. — Various kinds of bread, with or without 
yeast ; flmcy and figured bread ; compressed bread, for travelling, campaigning, &c. ; tea bis- 
cuits ; specimens of pastry peculiar to every nation ; gingerbread and dry cakes susceptible 
of preservation. 

Class 69, (Palace Gallery 7.) — Fat Alimentary Substances, Milk, Eggs. — Fats and edible oils, fresh and 
preserved milk, fresh and salt butter, cheese, various kinds of eggs. 

Class 70, (Palace Gallery 7.) — Meat and Fish. — Fresh and salt meat of various kinds; meat preserved by 
different methods ; cakes of meat and portable soup ; hams and preparations of meat ; fowl and 
game; fresh and salt fish; barellcd fish; codfish, herrings, &c. 
Fished preserved in oil ; sardines, pickled tunny, &c. ; Crustacea and shells ; lobsters, prawns, 
oysters, preserved oysters, anchovies, &c. 

Class 71, (Palace Gallery 7.) — Vegetables and Fruit. — Tubers, potatoes, &c. ; dry farinaceous vegetables, 
beans, lentils, &c. ; green vegetables for cooking, cabbages, &c. ; vegetable roots, carrots, 
turnips. &c. ; spicy vegetables, onions, garlic, &c. 
Salad, cucurbita, pumpkins, mellons ; vegetables preserved in salt, vinegar, or by acetic fermen- 
tation, sauerkraut, &c. ; vegetables preserved by various methods ; fresh fruits, dry and pre- 
pared fruits, plums, figs, grapes, &c. ; fruits preserved without the aid of sugar. 



23 

Class 72, (Palace Gallery 7.) — Condi?nents and Stwmlanis, Sugars and Specimens of Confectionery. — 
Spices, pepper, cinnamon, pimento, &c. ; table salt, vinegar, compound seasonings and stimu- 
lants, mustard, curry, English sauces, &c. ; tea, coffee, and aromatic beverages ; coffee of 
chiccory and sweet acorns ; cliocolate, sugar for domestic use, sugar of grapes, milk, &c. 
Various specimens of confectionery, comfits, sugar plums, melting plums, nougats, angelicas, anise 
seeds, &c. ; sweetmeats and jellies, preserved fruits, citrons, cedras, oranges, apples, pineapples ; 
brandy fruit, sirups, and sugary liquids. 

Class 73, (Palace Gallery 7.) — Fermented Drinks. — Ordinary red and white wines, sweet and mulled wines, 
sparkling wines, cider, perry, and other drinks extracted from fruit. 
Beer and other drinks drawn from cereals ; fermented drinks, drawn from vegetable saps ; milk 
and saccharine substances of all kinds ; brandy and alcohol ; spirituous drinks, gin, rum, tafia, 
kirchwasser, &c. 

Eighth Group. — Animals and specimens of agricultural establishments. 

Class 74, (Park.) — Specimens of Rural Work and of Agricultural Establishments. — Types of rural build- 
ings of various countries ; materials of stables, cow-houses, ox-stalls, kennels, &c. ; apparatus 
for preparing food for animals, agricultural machinery in movement ; steam ploughs, reapers, 
mowers, haymakers, threshing machines, &:c. 
Types of agricultural manufactures, distilleries, sugar mills, refineries, breweries, flour mills, fecula 

and starch manufactures, silkworm nurseries, &c. 
Presses for wine, cider, oil, &c. 

Class 75, (Park.) — Horses, Donkeys, Mules, Sfc. — Animals presented as characteristic of the art of breeding 
in all countries ; specimens of stables. 

Class 76, (Park.) — Oxen, Buffaloes, Sfc. — Animals presented as specimens of the art of breeding in each 
country ; specimens of cow-houses and ox-stables. 

Class 77, (Park.) — Sheep, Goats. — Animals presented as examples of the art of breeding in each country ; 
types of sheepfolds, pens, and similar establishments. 

Class 78, (Park.) — Sivine, Rahhits, &(c. — Animals presented, &c. ; types of hog-pens, and structures for 
raising animals of this class. 

Class 79, (Park.) — Poultry. — Animals presented, &c.; types of hen-roosts, dove-cots, pheasantries, &c., 
apparatus for artificial hatching. 

Class 80, (Park.) — Hunting and Watch Dogs. — Shepherds' dogs, hunting dogs, watch dogs ; types of 
kennels and apparatus for training. 

Class 81, (Park.) — Useful Insects. — Bees, silkworms, and various bombyxes, cochineal, insects for producing 
lac, &c. ; apparatus for breeding silkworms, bees, &c. 

Class 82, (Park.) — Fish, Crustacea, Mollusca. — Living aquatic useful animals ; aquariums, apparatus used 
in breeding fish, mollusca, and leeches. 

Ninth Group. — Live products and specimens of horticultural establishments. 

Class 83, (Park.) — Hot-houses and, Horticultural Materials. — Toolsfor gardeners, nurserymen, and horticul- 
turists ; apparatus for watering and for dressing grass plots, &c. 
Large hot-houses and their accessories ; small green-houses for apartments and for windows . 
aquariums for aquatic plants; Avater jets and other apparatus for ornamenting gardens, 

Class 84, (Park.) — Flowers and Ornamental Plants. — Species of plants and specimens of cultivation repre- 
senting the characteristic types of garden and house plants of every country. 

Class 85, (Park.) — Kitchen Garden, Plants. — Species of plants and specimens of cultivation representing 
the characteristic types of kitchen gardens in all countries. 

Class 86, (Park.) — Fruit Trees. — Species -of plants and specimens characteristic of the orchards in all 
countries ; slips of forest species. 

Class 87, (Park.) — Seeds and useful Forest Plants. — Species of plants and specimens of culture indicating 
the methods of replanting forests in different countries. 

Class 88, (Park.) — Hot-house Plants. — Specimens of the culture of various countries, with a view to utility 
and ornament. 



24 



Tenth Group. — Objects exhibited with a special view to the amelioration of the moral 

and physical condition of the population. 

Class 89, (Palace Gallery 2 — Park.) — Materials and Metliods of Teaching Children. — Plans and models 
school-houses, of school furniture, apparatus, instruments, models, wall-maps, &c., desired for 
facilitating the teaching of children ; elementary collections suitable for teaching ordinary 
science ; models of designs, tables, and apparatus suitable for teaching singing and music. 

Apparatus and tables for instructing the deaf and dumb and the blind ; school-books, atlases, maps, 
pictures, periodical publications, and journals for education. 

Works of scholars of both sexes. 
Class 90, (Palace Gallery 2 — Park.) — Lihraries and Materials for Instruction of Adults, in the Family, 
the Worhshop, the Commercial and Cor2Joration Schools. — Works proper for family libraries- 
for the masters in workshops, cultivators, commercial teachers, mariners, travelling natural- 
ists, &c. 

Almanacs, memorandum-books, and other publications suitable for travelling vendors. 

Materials for school libraries, commercial libraries, &c. 

Materials for the technical teaching necessary in certain manual pursuits. 
Class 91, (Palace Gallery III, IV, axidiYll.)— Furniture, Clothing, and Food, of all origins, distinguished 
for useful qualities, united with cheapness. — Collection methodique of objects enumei-ated in the 
third, fourth, and seventh groups, siipplied to commerce by lai-ge factories or by master work- 
men, and specially recommended by their adaptation to good domestic economy. 

Note. — The price and place of sale should be indicated on each object. 
Class 92, (Palace Gallery IV.) — Specimens of Popular Costumes of Different Countries. — Methodical collec- 
tion of costumes of both sexes, for all ages, and for pui-suits the most charfcateristic of each 
country. 

Note. — Choice should be made of costumes best adapted to the respective climate, profession, and 
peculiar tastes of each people, and which in these respects are most in harmony in each country 
with national traditions. These costumes will be exhibited, as far as possible, on lay-figures. 
Class 93, (Park.) — Specimens of Hahitations, characterized by cheapness, uniting sanitary conditions and 
comfort. — Types of habitations for families, suitable for various classes of laborers in each 
country. 

Types of habitations proposed for workmen belonging to manufactories in the suburbs or in the 
country. 
Class 94, (Palace and Park.) — Products of all Sorts made by Mas(er-worli.7ncn. — Methodical collection of 
products enumerated in preceding groups, made by workmen who work on their own account, 
either alone or wiih their families, or an apprentice, for sale or for domestic use. 

Note. — Such products only will be admitted into this class as are distinguished for their own 
qualities, novelty, perfection of the method of work, or by the useful influence this kind of 
work may exercise on the moral and physical condition of the people. 
Class 95, (Palace Gallery VI — Park.) — Instruments and, Methods of Work peculiar to Master -workmen. — 
Instruments and processes (enumerated in sixth gr(jup) employed habitually by workmen 
working on their own account, or specially adapted to work done in the family or in the family 
circle. 

Manual works which display in a striking manner dexterity, intelligence, or taste of the workman. 

Manual works which from various causes have most successfully resisted the competition of 
machines. 



[Document C] 

UNIVERSAL EXPOSITION OF 18G7, AT PAEIS.— IMPERIAL COMMISSION.— DEPATRTMENT OF . 

GROUP — . CLASS — . 

Application for Admission, (especially for French exhibitors^ 

The Imperial Commission published before the 15th of August, 1865, the distribution of spaces of the 
French section among the classes of products named in the system of classification. (Document B, appended 



25 

to the General Regulations.) Eveiy plan of exhibition, prepared by agreement of the producers whose varieties 
of industiy belong to the same class, will be adopted by the Imperial Commission, provided no objection 
arises. (Gen. Reg., Art. 31.) The delegates of these associations of producers will cause to be signed by 
all concerned on application for admission. (Art. 30.) Those producers who shall not have been able to 
unite with any one of the groups formed as above stated, will address their application directly to the Impe- 
rial Oommision. (Art. 34.) 

To prepare an application for admission, it is necessary to fill up in duplicate this circular, fold it so that 
the address printed upon the reverse shall be exposed, and drop it into the post-office, {without prepayment of 
postage.) Every application for admission which shall not have been received before the 31st of October, 
1865, or which shall not bear at the place indicated below the signature of the applicant, will not be received. 
The admission, if it is granted, will be made known to the exhibitor before the 31st of December, 1865. 

This circular of " application for admission " is delivered gratuitously in Paris, at the Palace of the 
Champs Elysees, in the departments, at the seats of the departmental committees : 



(Name in full, rank, and profession of the applicant.) 
The undersigned applicant declares his agreement to the dispositions of the General Eegulations of July 7, 1865. 

(Signature.) 

(Residence of the applicant, and situation of his establishment.) 

(Designation of medals obtained at the Universal Expositions of 1851, 18.55, and 1862.) 

( Detailed statement of products which the applicant desires to exhibit. ) 

SPACE APPLIED FOR IN THE UNIVERSAL EXPOSITION OF 1867. 



Extent of floor in the palace. 


Extent of wall in the 
palace. 


Exhibition in the park. 


Breadth of 
facade. 


Height. 


Depth. 


Breadth of 
fafade. 


Height. 


Form and dimension 
of space desired. 















Observations. — Indicate in a note appended to the application — 

1st. If it is desired to exhibit machines or other objects requiring foundations or special constructions, 
give the dimensions of these foundations or constructions. 

2d. If it is desired to exhibit apparatus requiring the employment of water, of gas, or of steam, what 
quantity or what pressure of water, or gas, or steam, will be necessary. 

3d. If it is desired to put machinery in motion, what will be the velocity proper to each machine, and 
what motive power will be required, expressed in horse-poAver. 

4th. In general, whatever information will be of use in the placing of the machines, and, wherever 
possible, a plan upon a fixed scale. 

Producers who apply for room in the park, and propose to estabhsh there constructions of any kind, 
agricultural buildings, gardens, will take care to give a plan, with a scale of the establishment proposed, with 
an indication of the extent of ground which will be necessary. 



26 

[Enclosure No. 6. ^Despatch 151.] 

MR. BECKWITH TO MR. BIGELOW. 

Paris, July 30, 1865. 

Dear Sir : The organization of the commission necessary for the International Exhibition will be 
very simple. 

It must be in conformity with the rules adopted by the Imperial Commission, and adapted to the work 
with which it will be charged. 

The work naturally divides itself into two parts — 

1st. That which relates to the selection and shipment of products from America, their reception and 
inland transport in France, placement for exhibition, and finally repacking, transport, and re-export, closing 
with an account current, and vouchers for receipts and expenditures. 

2d. That which relates to the scientific and practical report on the exhibition, which the government 
will require for publication. 

ThQ first fact is a matter of ordinary biisiness, readily performed by any one familiar with the usages 
of commerce, and accustomed to organize and conduct commercial operations. 

By the 5th article of the Regulations of the Imperial Commission, you will observe that the Commis- 
sion precludes itself from communicating with exhibitors, or receiving products from them. All communi- 
cations with the Imperial Commission, and all foreign articles intended for exhibition, must pass through the 
hands of the foreign commissions, and no other articles will be received. The foreign commissions must also 
superintend the reception, placement, and removal of their respective exhibitions. 

These provisions simplify and concentrate the work, and one commissioner is all that it requires. One 
man, indeed, can conduct the work better, cheaper, and with more expedition, than many men. 

He should be authorized to employ such assistants as may be necessary, and to engage the services of 
commercial houses in Paris and Havre accustomed to receive, warehouse, and forward goods, and pay them 
the customary charges for such service. One agent in the United States, say in New York, will also be 
required, and only one. 

If the services of others are needed (and they may doubtless be used with advantage) in other localities, 
they should all take their directions from the agent in New York, for the following reasons, which must be 
stated a little in detail : 

The Exhibition Palace will be in the form of a broad ellipse, surrounded by a garden, and having a 
garden in the centre. 

The building will be traversed by circular avenues, running parallel with the walls ; and the avenues 
will be crossed by passages radiating from the centre to the circumference of the building. 

The apportionments of ground to nationalities will run in belts from the radii, from the centre to the 
circumference. 

The visiter, in following the radial lines, will be in the line of nationalities : and in following the cir- 
cular avenues, will be in the line of groups, of which there are 10, and of classifications, of which there 
are 95. 

It may happen, and doubtless will happen, that more objects appropriate to one group will be offered 
than the ground set apart for it can receive. 

In such case the objects in excess cannot invade the ground of another group, this would disturb the 
order and derange the plan of exposition ; the excess, therefore, could not be exhibited, and the result would 
be a waste of expense and disappointment to the exhibitor. 

It will be for the agent in New York, with his plans and record before him, to parcel out the ground 
and guard against confusion and disappointment. 

But this concentration will not embarrass the shipment of articles from all convenient ports in the 
country. 

The various information required from time to time by exhibitors should also pass through one and the 
same channel to secure uniformity and avoid confusion. 

It results from the preceding that concentration and unity are necessary ; and for this purpose the agent 
in New York can best select his own assistants, who should all receive their information and instructions 
from him, as he, in turn, will receive them from Paris. 



27 

It is obvious that an exhibition of the natural products and of the agricultural and industrial arts of 
America, on a national scale, will involve considerable expense. 

The consideration of this, however, belongs to the government and to Congress, and I allude to it only 
for the purpose of a single suggestion, which is, the necessity of defining distinctly the part which the gov- 
ernment may undertake. 

They may decide to receive the products by their agents in the ports of shipment in the United States, 
export them to Paris, place them for exhibition, re-export them, and deliver them to owners in home ports, 

Or they may divide the work and expense with exhibitors, by taking up the products as aforesaid, 
exhihiting them, and redelivering, or return to the poi't of Havre; at which point the government service 
and expense would cease, and that of the owners begin. 

Or the government might take up the work at its arrival at Havre, and lay it down on its return to the 
same port. 

This last port would carry with it the expenses of warehousing, inland transport, cartage and labor, 
unpacking, placing, and repacking, and the cost of tables, showcases, fixtures, and apparatus required 
for exhibition, &c. 

But whatever the work undertaken by the government, it should be separated from that of the exhibitors, 
and should include the entire control of the products while they remain in France under bonds. 

Short of this it would be impossible to conduct the business in conformity with ihe regulations, which 
are intended to secure order and expedition, and avoid delays and dissatisfaction. Indeed, as to the exhibition 
itself, the articles cannot enter except in charge of the government commission. 

The period has arrived when the commission should be constituted. Most of the national commissions 
have been constituted, and have commenced their work. The disadvantages are considerable of coming in 
at a later period, after successive preliminary measures have b:en settled, which might have been modified' 
but cannot be altered. 

Second. This part of the work relates to the report, and this department of the commission should be 
added to the first part, at a later period ; any time before the opening of the Exhibition, in 1867, will be 
soon enough, as their work will not commence until then. 

This division need not be limited as to numbers, but, if not composed of, it should comprise scientific 
and professional men — men engaged in agriculture, in the industrial arts and fine arts, qualified for studying 
the Exhibition in a professional and practical sense ; for appreciating inventions, new combinations and 
methods ; for judging of processes and their products, &c. ; and for reporting their observations and studies 
in popular language, adapted to the diffusion of popular knowledge. 

It will devolve on these gentlemen to disclose the methods and means of the marvellous progress in the 
combination of science and knowledge, with the arts of industry, which so greatly increases the productive- 
ness of labor, skill, and capital. The fact of such increase is manifest to all observers, in the unequallep 
growth of commerce and wealth among nations ; but the methods of it are less obvious. 

Of the means for diffusing this knowledge, none are found more efficient, nor have taken so great 
development of late as national and international exhibitions, which are consequently increasing in numbers 
and in importance in all countries. 

They have become national schools for men in every department of productive industry. 

The United States are reasonably expected to contribute their share, and to claim the benefits of the 
general contribution. 

They have been invited to do so, and will not think they can afford to stand aloof on this occasion, nor 
fail to act on a scale that comes up to the national proportions we claim for ourselves in international affairs 
Very truly, yours, 

N. M. BECKWITH. 



28 



SUPPLEMENT. 

No. 158. 
ME. BIGELOW TO MR. SEWARD. 

[With two enclosures.] 

Legation of the Umted States, Paris, August 22, 1865. 
Sir: I have the honor to transmit herewith a communication from the Oommissaire Generale of the 
Exposition Univeiselle for 1867, of which enclosure No. 1 is a copy and enclosure No. 2 is a translation. 
Permit me to invite your attention to the request contained in the last clause of this communication. 
I remain, sir, with great respect, your very obedient servant, 

JOHN BIGELOW. 
Hon. William H.^Seward, Secretary of State. 



[Enclosure No. 2^to Despatch No. 158.] 

MR. LE PLAY TO MR. BIGELOW.] 

[Translation. ] 

Imperial Commission, Paris, Palace of Industry, {Door No. 1,) Avgust 11, 1865. 

Sir : I had the honor in my last communication to inform you that the Imperial Commission had limited 

the section ascribed to exhibitors from the United States to an area of 2,788 square metres*, 2,605 of which 

are situated in the galleries, and 183 in the porch and the covered walk. Called upon by the terms of its 
General Regulations to inform, previous to the 15th of August next, the representatives of the nations which 
shall participate in this great assembly of the settled limits of ihe space which it has been able to assign to 
them, the Imperial Commission instructs me to confirm to you officially that decision, and to address to you 
at the same time a plan of the palace of the Exposition, which you will find enclosed,! and in which you 

will easily distinguish, by its color, the portion reserved for your country. 

The distribiition of the park situated around the palace among the divers nations which will participate 
in the Exposition is not jet made ; the Imperial Commission purposes completing that task within a short 
time. It therefore requests to be informed by you, as soon as possible, of the nature and character of the 
works which the United States intend erecting in the park, and of the space they will require. 
Accept, sir, renewed assurance of my high consideration, 

F. LE PLAY, 
The Counsellor of State, General Commissioner. 
M. BiGELOW, Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary of the United States. 

* A metre is 39. 37 inches in length. 

+ No map was received at the Department of State with this despatch, but the location of the space assigned to the 
United States will be found by reference to the map which was enclosed with Mr. Bigelow's despatch of the 2d of August, 
(No. 151,) and a copy of which is affixed to this pamphlet. 



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